Modern thermodynamics is simultaneously a branch of science and engineering.
Scientists are primarily interested in the fundamental understanding of the chemical and physical behavior of fixed quantities of matter, using thermodynamic principles to establish relationships between the properties of substances (such as pressure, internal energy, and specific heat).

Engineers, on the other hand, focus on the study of systems and their interactions with their surrounding environments. To account for these aspects, thermodynamics has naturally been extended to the study of open systems, through which matter and energy can flow — including, of course, renewable energy conversion systems.

The program consists of SIX chapters, covering not only the first and second laws of thermodynamics, but also steam and gas cycles, optimization of energy systems through exergy analysis, and the new concept of entransy proposed by Guo.