Introduction to Reservoir Engineering

Module Outline: Introduction to Reservoir Engineering
Master’s Program Title: Hydrocarbon Geology
Teaching Unit (UEF1):
Semester: S3
Course: Introduction to Reservoir Engineering
Credits: 03
Coefficient: 02
Course Instructor: ROBEI Sarra

Course Objectives:
The aim of this module is to provide students with the fundamental concepts and methods related to the development and production of an oil field. It is essential for petroleum geologists to become familiar with the basic principles of reservoir engineering.

Recommended Prerequisites:
This module requires prior knowledge in geology, geophysics, drilling, production, downhole operations, and reservoir engineering.

Course Content

CHAPTER 1: Introduction to Reservoir Engineering

• Terminology related to reservoir engineering

1. Definition of a reservoir

2. Reservoir studies

3. Different types of reservoirs

CHAPTER 2: Study of Reservoir Rocks and Their Contents

1. Properties of reservoir rocks

2. Structure and properties of porous materials

CHAPTER 3: Reservoir Fluids and PVT Studies

• Importance and definition of PVT

1. Gas properties

2. Oil properties

3. Liquid–vapor equilibrium

4. Equation of state

5. PVT data simulation using equations of state

6. Hydrates

7. Simulation of miscible gas injection

CHAPTER 4: Drive Mechanisms and Material Balance

1. Drive mechanisms and primary recovery
   1.1 Natural depletion of undersaturated oil
   a. Simplified material balance equation
   b. Full material balance equation
   c. Recovery factor
   d. Use of the material balance equation
   1.2 Solution-gas drive
   1.3 Gas-cap expansion drive
   1.4 Aquifer (water-drive) expansion
   a. Generalized material balance of an oil field
   b. Material balance equation for an oil field

2. Drive mechanisms and secondary recovery

   1. Introduction to secondary recovery

   2. Principles

   3. Water injection / gas injection

   4. Parameters to define/optimize

   5. Evaluation of drive mechanisms

   6. Mobility ratio

   7. Sweep efficiency

   8. Characterization of fluid injection
      8.1 Water injection – practical considerations
      * Recovery factor
      * Advantages and disadvantages
      8.2 Gas injection – practical considerations
      * Recovery factor
      * Advantages and disadvantages

3. Drive mechanisms and tertiary recovery
   3.1 Introduction
   3.2 CO₂ injection
   3.3 Chemical processes
   * Polymer injection
   * Surfactant injection
   3.4 Thermal processes

CHAPTER 5: Well Testing & Fluid Flow in Porous Media

1. Well tests
   1.1 Specific tests for gas wells – isochronal tests
   1.2 Periodic tests
   1.3 Interference tests

2. Well test analysis

3. Single-phase flow
   3.1 Oil reservoir case
   3.2 Gas reservoir case
   3.3 Filtration laws

4. Multiphase flow
   4.1 Interfacial properties, drainage and imbibition, concept of relative permeability
   4.2 Fundamental equations of multiphase flow
   4.3 Analytical study of one-dimensional flow

5. Radial flow in porous media and principles of transient test analysis, analytical solutions for single-phase flow problems

6. Application of superposition principles

CHAPTER 6: Estimation of Recoverable Reserves by Natural Drive

1. Quantity of hydrocarbons in place and distribution

2. Natural drive mechanisms

3. Production rates and economic considerations

4. Recoverable reserves – Global reserves
   4.1 Determination of reserves
   4.2 Compressibility coefficients – Fluid expansion
   4.3 Recovery factor

CHAPTER 7: Introduction to Numerical Simulation

1. Numerical methods in reservoir engineering

2. Selection of mathematical models

3. Flow geometry and grid construction

4. 1D diffusivity equation with well

5. 1D two-phase simulation

6. 2D diffusivity equation

7. 2D two-phase simulation

8. Gas reservoir simulation

9. Data preparation for simulation

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Basics of Reservoir Engineering, René Cossé, Institut Français du Pétrole, 1993.

2. Oberto Serra, Pau 1985 – Delayed Logging: Basis of Interpretation

3. Reservoir Formation Damage: Fundamentals, Modeling, Assessment and Mitigation, Faruk Civan, ISBN 0-88415-301-0

4. Saci Lila, Introduction to Reservoir Engineering, IAP Boumerdes, 2015.

5. Tarek Ahmed, Advanced Reservoir Engineering, ISBN 0-7506-7733-3

Assessment Method:

Continuous assessment: 40%
Final exam: 60%